Can a player replace a Pod without losing their points?

Yes, absolutely. Any player can replace their Pod, and they’ll keep all their Activity Points (with the exception of any points that were never synced in from the old Pod, of course).

Simply purchase a replacement Pod at the Sqord Store.
When it arrives, log in to Sqord and then enter your new Pod ID on the Account page, which you'll find under the Account option on the Directions menu.